This research seeks to answer this question that how has Imam Khomeini (peace be upon him) assessed the functioning of the enlightenment matter of Iran? Based on this research's hypothesis Imam Khomeini believed that the activity of the intellectuals has been influenced by their worldview, the foundations and the theoretical inclinations of them; he thus has divided them into two groups:
One group that has not studies Islam and that is influenced by the appearances of the Western civilization; and another one which through getting to know the Islamic culture and civilization and through using the West's scientific advances makes an effort to serve the society that that is in.
The views of Reymond Aren, Joseph Schumpeter, Karl Mannheim, Antonio Gramsci, Semon Martin Lipset and Mishell Foucoult who are among the Western scientists and Jalale Ale Ahmad, Ali Shariati, Reza Davaree and Morteza Mottahari who are of Iranian scholars regarding the enlightenment are examined.
When adding their views up two kinds of the enlightenment and they have a general meaning – those who have the rationality and they can think and they have left us the scientific, cultural and…- and the enlightenment that has a particular meaning – and that has the indicators: and that has originated from the West and 2- and that is democratic and 3- and that is into the absolute thinking may be considered. The enlightenment that has a particular meaning is considered by this research. In another dividing and generally regarding the contemporary enlightenment matter and that has to do with Iran and those include the religious enlightenment and they have the indicators that are having faith and having the religious knowledge, loving the science and the art of the thinking exodus, having a pain and that has to do with the religion, being able and having sincerity; and an enlightenment that leans toward the West, with the kinds of leftist enlightenment, nationalism, and that is liberal and that is eclectic. Imam Khomeini confessing that the enlightenment matter of the contemporary Iran places an influence on Iran's big changes goes on to separate the two enlightenment matters from each other. Imam Khomeini's judging regarding the religious intellectuals spectrum who are devoted, they as far as culture is concerned they believe in themselves and they have a positive view of the masses of the people and the role that they play regarding Iran's political and social changes in the direction of Islam and the general public will be assessed.
But the second spectrum of the enlightenment and in the present research that is considered as the intellectuals who are inclined toward the Wets according to Imam Khomeini because of being from a cultural aspect alienated, their lack of attention to the people's strata and the masses of the people and being unaware and sometimes opposing the religion of Islam are criticized.